Accountancy profession - description and history

Accountancy profession - description and history

Accountants are employees of government organizations, industries and commercial enterprises. They operate strictly in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Finance, are guided by legal acts and job descriptions.

The main job of an accountant is to keep track of the company's income and expenses, draw up the relevant documentation, prepare and submit reports to the competent authorities.

Here's another part of an accountant's job:

•                                 determination of the cost of goods and services of the organization;
•                                 calculation of payments to the state budget and their implementation;
•                                 calculation of mandatory contributions to extra-budgetary funds and their implementation;
•                                 accrual of advance payments, salaries, bonuses to employees;
•                                 the main thing that an accountant should be able to do is to minimize the obligatory expenses of the enterprise.

Today it is not necessary to get a higher education to acquire professional skills of an accountant. Often, ambitious and neat people, having studied in specialized courses, get the desired position without any problems. After that, it is enough to follow the changes in the field and try to improve your qualifications. Professionals of the direction, answering the question of how to become a good accountant, argue that you need to constantly learn and expand the boundaries of skills and abilities.

The first representatives of financial specialties appeared in ancient times. More than 2 thousand years ago, there were workers in India who were engaged in diverse accounting in agriculture. In the 14-15th centuries, printed books on accounting began to appear. Despite the fact that since then in the universities of the country they have been uninterruptedly teaching those who wish in this direction, it began to gain popularity only at the end of the last century.

What should accountants do?

The content of the job description affects the salary of the accountant, the level of his responsibility to the employer and law enforcement agencies. If 10 years ago an impressive list of responsibilities could be assigned to an employee in this area, today this process is treated more selectively. Only in small enterprises it is not clearly spelled out what an accountant does. Such a specialist is forced to navigate all areas of the organization's activities related to numbers and reporting. Sometimes, learning these things can be difficult for a student who wants to become a professional accountant. To deal with this situation, he should seek essay writing help .

Types of specialists and their functions

Before becoming an accountant, it is recommended to determine the direction of work. The list of official duties, salary, career prospects depend on this. Career guidance will help to cope with these tasks. By performing simple tests, it will allow you to find out the directions in which the applicant will have the most interesting and easiest way.

Types of accountants and descriptions of professions:

•                                 accountant or junior employee - must navigate the basics of market relations, accounting systems, tax and commercial legislation. Maintain reports for small enterprises or individual areas of the company's work;
•                                 a technician or an ordinary employee - engaged in reporting, accounting or analysis of the company's activities. The minimum you need to know is the basics of auditing, financial and management accounting;
•                                 an economist is chief accountants or their deputies who have good prospects. They can analyze the work of the company, internal audit, business accounting. The basic skills of an accountant should be supported by knowledge of banking, marketing fundamentals, finance and organization management;
•                                 auditor - senior employees who are engaged in external audit and analysis of economic indicators.

Everything that an accountant of a particular group should know can be studied in specialized universities, specialized secondary educational institutions, in courses. According to statistics, only half of the workers in this area have higher education. Increasingly, young people are trying to learn the basics of their specialty and further improve their qualifications with the help of courses, depending on the chosen direction.

Characteristics of a representative of the profession

What should be an accounting employee depends on the scope of the company, the goals of the organization and its taxation system, the specifics of the area of ​​work. In any case, he needs to know the basics of statistics, finance and credit relations. Knowledge in the field of economic activity, reporting rules, technology and economics of a specific economic sphere, planning and organization of its work is required.

Professional requirements for an accountant:

•                                 knowledge in the field of accounting and tax legislation;
•                                 confident possession of a PC, in particular Excel and professional programs (1C and others);
•                                 the average salary of an accountant of an international company is an order of magnitude higher, but this requires proficiency in English (or another foreign) language, knowledge of the basics of IFRS and the presence of a permitting certificate.

The desired personal qualities of an accountant are perseverance, patience and endurance, the ability to perform monotonous and uniform work with high quality.

Professional people need to be calm, alert, and stress-resistant. It is not even worth considering a referral in the presence of diseases of the nervous system, emotional instability, vision problems and chronic headache.

Advantages and disadvantages of the direction

Considering the pros and cons of the profession, it is necessary to take into account the specialist's focus on the result and his desire for high-quality performance of duties. Neglecting job descriptions affects not only how much an employee earns, but can also cause serious problems with the law.

Benefits of the professional field:

•                                 stability of work and demand for specialists, including young and without experience;
•                                 the prestige of the direction, career prospects against the background of opportunities to constantly improve the professional level;
•                                 there is no need to constantly sit at work, modern technologies allow you to perform all the necessary functions remotely;
•                                 there are no restrictions on age and sex, the presence of many years of experience is considered a significant plus;
•                                 the opportunity to change the field of activity to a more promising and profitable one by taking courses;
•                                 how much the accountant receives depends on himself - the figure can significantly increase in the course of the employee acquiring additional knowledge and skills;
•                                 it is possible to run several enterprises at the same time.

•                                 The disadvantages of the work include a high level of professional responsibility.
•                                 Calculation errors can cause financial problems for an enterprise.
•                                 Violation of the reporting rules can lead to administrative fines and criminal prosecution.
•                                 Another disadvantage is the uneven distribution of the load - in some periods it reaches such indicators that it negatively affects the condition and health of the employee.

Where to study to be an accountant

When deciding on an educational institution, you should study the proposed program and pay attention to its goals. Some schools and universities provide extensive theoretical knowledge, others rely on the parallel practical use of skills. It is important to initially figure out how much a particular type of accountant is usually paid. Otherwise, it turns out that the time was wasted or, conversely, basic knowledge for the desired position would be enough. In any case, you may have problems learning this difficult profession. Therefore, you can always ask for help on your assignments https://essayassistant.org/accounting-homework-help/
.

Ways to get a profession:

•                                 specialized courses - from 2 to 6 months - basic knowledge, which is enough for the position of an accountant;
•                                 secondary specialized educational institution - from 2 to 3 years - obtaining all the basic skills necessary to start an activity, but this is not enough to get a job as a chief accountant or his deputy;
•                                 higher educational institution - from 4 to 5 years - graduates of universities receive the knowledge that is necessary for conducting accounting activities of any direction.

Full-time and part-time presentation of educational material was supplemented with new methods of teaching disciplines. Now the profession of an accountant can be obtained in absentia, remotely, by listening to webinars. Taking into account the specifics of the direction, innovative options for teaching subjects are in no way inferior to traditional approaches and are just as highly rated.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:

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